Those big, innocent Yorkie eyes are incredibly hard to resist. You can see the love in them when you’re eating and know that they want to partake in whatever you are having. It is vital that you always keep in mind that even a small nibble of some common foods could be harmful, or even lethal, to your Yorkie. A proper diet is the cornerstone of good health and longevity for your beloved Yorkshire Terrier. But knowing what not to feed your Yorkie is just as important as knowing what to feed them. This article will provide you with a comprehensive guide outlining the crucial Yorkie foods to avoid to protect them from potential health problems and ensure a long and happy life.
The Absolutely Off-Limits List: Toxic Foods for Yorkies
Certain foods are simply non-negotiable when it comes to your Yorkie’s diet. These are toxic substances that can cause serious health problems and should never be given to your furry friend.
Chocolate
This is perhaps the most well-known danger for dogs, and for good reason. Chocolate contains theobromine, a stimulant that dogs cannot metabolize as efficiently as humans. Even small amounts of theobromine can cause vomiting, diarrhea, hyperactivity, tremors, seizures, and even life-threatening heart problems in Yorkies. Dark chocolate and baking chocolate are the most dangerous due to their higher concentration of theobromine, but all types of chocolate, including milk chocolate and white chocolate, should be strictly avoided. The smaller the Yorkie, the greater the risk.
Grapes and Raisins
The exact toxin in grapes and raisins that causes kidney failure in dogs remains a mystery, but the effect is undeniable. Even a small handful of grapes or raisins can be devastating to a Yorkie’s kidneys, potentially leading to irreversible damage. Symptoms of grape or raisin toxicity include vomiting, lethargy, loss of appetite, abdominal pain, and decreased urination. It’s vital to seek immediate veterinary attention if your Yorkie ingests any grapes or raisins, no matter how small the amount.
Onions and Garlic
Whether raw, cooked, powdered, or even in seemingly small amounts added to prepared foods, onions and garlic are dangerous to Yorkies. These vegetables contain compounds called organosulfides, which damage a dog’s red blood cells, leading to hemolytic anemia. Anemia can cause weakness, lethargy, pale gums, and even collapse. Regular consumption of even small amounts of onions or garlic can have a cumulative effect, so it’s crucial to ensure that your Yorkie’s food is completely free of these ingredients.
Xylitol: A Deadly Sweetener
This artificial sweetener is becoming increasingly common in sugar-free gum, candies, baked goods, and even some peanut butter brands. Xylitol is extremely toxic to dogs, including Yorkies. Even a tiny amount can trigger a rapid release of insulin from the pancreas, leading to a dangerous drop in blood sugar (hypoglycemia). Hypoglycemia can cause weakness, tremors, seizures, and even liver failure, which can be fatal. Always check ingredient labels carefully and avoid any products containing xylitol. Keep these products well out of your Yorkie’s reach.
The Dangers of Alcohol
Alcohol is harmful to humans, but it’s even more dangerous for dogs due to their smaller size and different metabolism. Even a small amount of alcohol can cause significant damage to a Yorkie’s liver and brain. Symptoms of alcohol poisoning include incoordination, vomiting, diarrhea, difficulty breathing, tremors, and even coma. Never intentionally give your Yorkie alcohol, and be extremely careful about leaving alcoholic beverages unattended.
Macadamia Nuts: A Problematic Treat
While the exact toxin in macadamia nuts that affects dogs is unknown, these nuts can cause a range of unpleasant symptoms, including weakness, tremors, hyperthermia (increased body temperature), vomiting, and lethargy. While not always fatal, macadamia nut toxicity can be quite distressing for your Yorkie and requires veterinary attention.
Raw Dough
Raw dough, especially bread dough, presents a double threat to your Yorkie. First, the dough can expand in the stomach, causing painful bloating and potentially leading to gastric dilatation-volvulus (GDV), a life-threatening condition. Second, the yeast in the dough produces alcohol as it ferments, which, as mentioned above, is toxic to dogs.
Foods to Limit or Avoid in Large Quantities: Potential Problems for Yorkies
Beyond the strictly toxic foods, there are other foods that can cause problems for Yorkies if given in large quantities or on a regular basis.
Dairy Products: A Question of Tolerance
Many dogs, including Yorkies, are lactose intolerant, meaning they have difficulty digesting lactose, the sugar found in milk and other dairy products. Consuming dairy can lead to digestive upset, including diarrhea, vomiting, and abdominal discomfort. Some Yorkies may tolerate small amounts of plain yogurt or cheese, but it’s best to introduce these foods gradually and monitor for any adverse reactions.
Avocado: A Source of Persin
Avocados contain persin, a fungicidal toxin that can cause vomiting and diarrhea in dogs. While the level of persin in avocados is generally considered low, it’s best to avoid feeding them to your Yorkie altogether, especially since the pit can also be a choking hazard.
Salty Snacks: A Recipe for Dehydration
Foods like chips, pretzels, and popcorn are often high in sodium, which can lead to dehydration and potentially sodium ion poisoning in Yorkies. High sodium intake can also exacerbate existing heart conditions.
Sugary Foods: Empty Calories and Dental Woes
Candy, cookies, and other sugary foods offer little nutritional value and can contribute to weight gain, dental problems, and potentially diabetes in Yorkies.
Bones: A Splintering Hazard
Cooked bones are especially dangerous for dogs because they can splinter easily, posing a choking hazard and potentially causing intestinal punctures or constipation. While raw bones can be a safer option, they still carry a risk of bacterial contamination and should be given with caution and under supervision.
Fatty Foods
High-fat foods, like fried snacks and heavily processed meats, should be limited for Yorkies. These foods can lead to pancreatitis, a painful and potentially dangerous inflammation of the pancreas.
Special Considerations for Yorkies: Breed-Specific Needs
Yorkies have certain breed-specific predispositions that make dietary choices even more important.
Hypoglycemia: A Small Dog Risk
Yorkies, especially puppies, are prone to hypoglycemia, or low blood sugar. Symptoms of hypoglycemia include weakness, tremors, seizures, lethargy, and even collapse. To prevent hypoglycemia, it’s essential to feed your Yorkie frequent, small meals throughout the day to maintain stable blood sugar levels. Choose a high-quality puppy food specifically formulated for small breeds, as these formulas are typically higher in calories and nutrients.
Tracheal Collapse: Obesity Matters
Yorkies are predisposed to tracheal collapse, a condition in which the trachea (windpipe) weakens and flattens, making it difficult to breathe. Obesity can worsen tracheal collapse, so it’s crucial to maintain a healthy weight for your Yorkie. Avoid overfeeding and choose a food that is appropriate for their activity level. Soft food may be easier on the trachea than hard kibble for some dogs with this condition.
Dental Problems: A Common Concern
Yorkies are prone to dental disease, including plaque buildup, tartar formation, and gum disease. Avoid sticky or sugary foods that contribute to plaque buildup. Regular tooth brushing and professional dental cleanings are essential for maintaining good oral hygiene.
Safe and Healthy Food Choices for Your Yorkie
Now that you know what Yorkie foods to avoid, let’s talk about what you can feed your furry friend.
High-Quality Commercial Dog Food
Choose a reputable brand specifically formulated for small breeds. Look for real meat, such as chicken, turkey, or beef, as the first ingredient. Avoid foods with excessive fillers, such as corn, wheat, and soy. These fillers offer little nutritional value and can contribute to digestive problems.
Safe Treats
Opt for small-breed-specific treats that are low in calories and free of artificial colors, flavors, and preservatives. Freeze-dried meat treats are a healthy and palatable option.
Human Foods (in Moderation)
Certain human foods can be safe and healthy for Yorkies in moderation. Cooked lean meats, such as chicken, turkey, and beef, are excellent sources of protein. Cooked vegetables, such as carrots, green beans, and broccoli, can provide essential vitamins and minerals. Plain cooked rice can be a good source of carbohydrates. Canned pumpkin is rich in fiber and can help with digestive issues. Always consult with your veterinarian before introducing new human foods to your Yorkie’s diet.
Consult with your veterinarian
The absolute best thing you can do for your Yorkie is to consult with their vet. They can assess your Yorkie’s specific health needs and recommend a diet that is tailored to their individual requirements.
What to Do If Your Yorkie Eats Something They Shouldn’t
Despite your best efforts, accidents can happen. If your Yorkie eats something they shouldn’t, take the following steps:
- Identify the substance and the amount ingested. This information will be crucial for your veterinarian or the animal poison control center.
- Contact your veterinarian or an animal poison control center immediately. Have the substance’s name and approximate amount available.
- Do not induce vomiting unless instructed by a professional. Inducing vomiting can sometimes do more harm than good.
- Monitor your Yorkie for any symptoms. Be alert for signs of distress, such as vomiting, diarrhea, lethargy, tremors, or seizures.
In Conclusion: Prioritizing Your Yorkie’s Health
Being a responsible Yorkie owner means being vigilant about their diet and understanding the Yorkie foods to avoid. By avoiding the toxic and potentially problematic foods discussed in this article and providing your Yorkie with a healthy and balanced diet, you can help them live a long, happy, and healthy life. Remember, your Yorkie’s health and well-being are worth the extra effort! A careful eye and healthy diet goes a long way in assuring many happy years with your Yorkie.
